Evey pilot has used them. How much do you know about them?

1. 1) If you were going directly to or from the VOR, which scenario would result in reverse sensing?

   Anytime the aircraft heading and the selected radial are 180 degrees off, you will get reverse sensing.

   Anytime the aircraft heading and the selected radial are 180 degrees off, you will get reverse sensing.

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2. 2) The VOR emits two different signals: the __________ and the __________. If you tune the 180 radial, the crest of one wave and the trough of the other will be __________.

   The VOR emits a reference and a variable signal. The reference signal stays the same while the variable signal is shifted accordingly so that at the 090 radial, the phase difference between each signal is 90 degrees off and so on. In this example, at the 180 radial, the trough of the reference wave will be under the crest of the variable wave. 

   The VOR emits a reference and a variable signal. The reference signal stays the same while the variable signal is shifted accordingly so that at the 090 radial, the phase difference between each signal is 90 degrees off and so on. In this example, at the 180 radial, the trough of the reference wave will be under the crest of the variable wave. 

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3. 3) The Cone of Confusion is a VOR phenomenon that is characterized by what?

   The closer you get to the VOR, the more sensitive the needle will become. At some point, you will go full-scale deflection, the to/from flag will disappear and you will temporarily get a red flag appear on the CDI. 

   The closer you get to the VOR, the more sensitive the needle will become. At some point, you will go full-scale deflection, the to/from flag will disappear and you will temporarily get a red flag appear on the CDI. 

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4. 4) Which of these is not an actual type of VOR?

   A VOR/ADF does not exist.

   A VOR/ADF does not exist.

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5. 5) You are tracking the 180 radial inbound to a local VOR. The CDI shows a deflection of 2 dots to the left. You are at 30 nm from the VOR. How far off course are you?

   At 60 nm, each degree is 1 nm off course. So, at 30 nm each degree would represent 1/2 nm off course. If the CDI is deflected 2 dots (each dot represents 2 degrees), then 4 degrees multiplied by 1/2 nm is equal to 2 nm off course.

   At 60 nm, each degree is 1 nm off course. So, at 30 nm each degree would represent 1/2 nm off course. If the CDI is deflected 2 dots (each dot represents 2 degrees), then 4 degrees multiplied by 1/2 nm is equal to 2 nm off course.

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